The shipping industry faces an uncertain future, as the climate change challenges faced by all sectors become increasingly urgent and apparent. If a quantitative interpretation of the goals laid out in the Paris Agreement is applied, shipping, along with all sectors combusting fossil fuel, faces substantial challenges in order to successfully decarbonise over the coming decades. Targeted at addressing gaps in knowledge and understanding across technical, operational and demand-side changes, this collection of articles presents some of the latest analysis to consider the opportunities available, and barriers to be overcome, to enable shipping's low carbon transition and the sustainability of global trade
This report focuses on focuses on understanding the potential pathways and scenarios for the future of international shipping in the context of wider decarbonisation, consistent with the Paris Agreement. It also focuses on the technological and operational specifications of the global fleet and how these may change in relation to a given rate of decarbonisation. It presents the results for a series of scenarios run using a model built to understand the possible futures of international shipping: GloTraM.
Prior to 1997, the IMO was largely deferential to the UNFCCC – the global body addressing the climate change issue – and took a wait-and-see approach. This deference was reflected in the 1992 decision by MARPOL parties not to address CO2 emissions from ships in Annex VI, because these emissions were within the province of the UNFCCC. In 1997, however, this attitude began to change. In anticipation of the Kyoto Protocol’s hand-off of the issue to IMO, IMO adopted a resolution calling for the study of emissions from maritime shipping, which led to the first of IMO’s three GHG reports.
Research and Education Strategy developed for Transitioning to Low Carbon Sea Transport for Future under the 2014 Oceania Centre for Sustainable Transport
Assessing the impact of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme.
Of the measures discussed in this report, only certain Market-Based Measrues and direct regulatory approaches could close the competitiveness gap between incumbent fossil fuels and new zero-emission fuels on their own. A transition policy mix is more likely to be effective if it combines demand-side policy (e.g. carbon pricing), with supportive supply-side policy (e.g. subsidies), in order to support the fuels transition and close the competitiveness gap.
Members of the Climate Vulnerable Forum adopted a statement urging UNFCCC COP26 in Glasgow to Deliver a “Climate Emergency Pact” to rebuild confidence in international climate cooperation, accelerate adaptation and to keep 1.5ºC within reach based on the recent findings of the IPCC’s Sixth Assessment report (AR6). This also includes mobilising a climate finance delivery plan from 2020 - 2024 and for the UK COP Presidency to take full responsibility of this plan; for developed countries and major emitters to work year in and year out to raise the Ambition to accelerate adaptation for people etc.
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